Hick John L, Barbera Joseph A, Kelen Gabor D
University of Minnesota, USA.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2009 Jun;3(2 Suppl):S59-67. doi: 10.1097/DMP.0b013e31819f1ae2.
Health care facility surge capacity has received significant planning attention recently, but there is no commonly accepted framework for detailed, phased surge capacity categorization and implementation. This article proposes a taxonomy within surge capacity of conventional capacity (implemented in major mass casualty incidents and representing care as usually provided at the institution), contingency capacity (using adaptations to medical care spaces, staffing constraints, and supply shortages without significant impact on delivered medical care), and crisis capacity (implemented in catastrophic situations with a significant impact on standard of care). Suggested measurements used to gauge a quantifiable component of surge capacity and adaptive strategies for staff and supply challenges are proposed. The use of refined definitions of surge capacity as it relates to space, staffing, and supply concerns during a mass casualty incident may aid phased implementation of surge capacity plans at health care facilities and enhance the consistency of terminology and data collection between facilities and regions.
医疗保健机构的应急能力最近受到了大量规划关注，但目前尚无一个被广泛接受的详细、分阶段的应急能力分类和实施框架。本文提出了一种应急能力分类法，包括常规能力（在重大大规模伤亡事件中实施，代表机构通常提供的医疗服务）、应急能力（通过对医疗空间、人员配备限制和供应短缺进行调整，而不对所提供的医疗服务产生重大影响）和危机能力（在对医疗标准有重大影响的灾难性情况下实施）。本文还提出了用于衡量应急能力可量化部分的建议指标，以及应对人员和供应挑战的适应性策略。在大规模伤亡事件中，对应急能力与空间、人员配备和供应问题相关的精确定义的使用，可能有助于医疗保健机构分阶段实施应急能力计划，并提高各机构和地区之间术语和数据收集的一致性。
