Ritchie Timothy, Skowronski John J, Hartnett Jessica, Wells Brett, Walker W Richard
University of Southampton, Psychology Department, Southampton, UK.
Memory. 2009 May;17(4):428-44. doi: 10.1080/09658210902791665.
The intensity of emotions associated with memory of pleasant events generally fades more slowly across time than the intensity of emotions associated with memory of unpleasant events, a phenomenon known as the fading affect bias (FAB). Four studies examined variables that might account for, or moderate, the bias. These included the activation level of the emotions, individual differences in dispositional mood, and participant expectations of emotion change across time. Results suggest that (a) although emotion activation level was related to overall fading of affect, it was unrelated to the FAB; (b) dispositional mood moderated the FAB, but could not fully account for it; and (c) although participants' predictions of event-related emotion change across time were somewhat veridical, the FAB emerged even when these predictions were accounted for statistically. Methodological and theoretical implications for research on the affect associated with autobiographical events are discussed.
与愉快事件记忆相关的情绪强度通常会随着时间的推移比与不愉快事件记忆相关的情绪强度消退得更慢，这一现象被称为消退情感偏差（FAB）。四项研究考察了可能解释或调节这种偏差的变量。这些变量包括情绪的激活水平、性格情绪的个体差异以及参与者对情绪随时间变化的预期。结果表明：（a）尽管情绪激活水平与情感的总体消退有关，但与消退情感偏差无关；（b）性格情绪调节了消退情感偏差，但不能完全解释它；（c）尽管参与者对事件相关情绪随时间变化的预测在一定程度上是准确的，但即使在对这些预测进行统计分析后，消退情感偏差仍然存在。文中讨论了自传体事件相关情感研究的方法学和理论意义。
