Galea Joseph M, Celnik Pablo
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, 98 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
J Neurophysiol. 2009 Jul;102(1):294-301. doi: 10.1152/jn.00184.2009. Epub 2009 Apr 22.
One of the first steps in the acquisition of a new motor skill is the formation of motor memories. Here we tested the capacity of transcranial DC stimulation (tDCS) applied over the motor cortex during motor practice to increase motor memory formation and retention. Nine healthy individuals underwent a crossover transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) study designed to test motor memory formation resulting from training. Anodal tDCS elicited an increase in the magnitude and duration of motor memories in a polarity-specific manner, as reflected by changes in the kinematic characteristics of TMS-evoked movements after anodal, but not cathodal or sham stimulation. This effect was present only when training and stimulation were associated and mediated by a differential modulation of corticomotor excitability of the involved muscles. These results indicate that anodal brain polarization can enhance the initial formation and retention of a new motor memory resulting from training. These processes may be the underlying mechanisms by which tDCS enhances motor learning.
获得一项新运动技能的首要步骤之一是形成运动记忆。在此，我们测试了在运动练习期间对运动皮层施加经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）以增强运动记忆形成和保持的能力。九名健康个体参与了一项交叉经颅磁刺激（TMS）研究，该研究旨在测试训练所导致的运动记忆形成。阳极tDCS以极性特异性方式引起运动记忆的幅度和持续时间增加，这通过阳极刺激后但非阴极或假刺激后TMS诱发运动的运动学特征变化得以体现。仅当训练和刺激相关联且由所涉及肌肉的皮质运动兴奋性的差异调节介导时，才会出现这种效应。这些结果表明，阳极脑极化可增强训练所产生的新运动记忆的初始形成和保持。这些过程可能是tDCS增强运动学习的潜在机制。
