O'Neil Carol E, Nicklas Theresa A, Liu Yan, Franklin Frank A
Louisiana State University AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2009 May;109(5):874-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.02.012.
Mothers with children in Head Start play a critical role in providing healthful diets and modeling good dietary behaviors to their children, but there is little information available on their diet, especially on beverage consumption. The objective of this study was to assess the association of milk and sweetened beverage consumption with nutrient intake, dietary adequacy, and weight of a multiethnic population of Head Start mothers. Using a cross-sectional, secondary analysis, African-American (43%), Hispanic (33%), and white (24%) women (n=609) were divided into four beverage consumption groups: high milk/low sweetened beverage, high milk/high sweetened beverage, low milk/low sweetened beverage, and low milk/high sweetened beverage. Nutrient intake was determined by averaging 24-hour dietary recalls from 3 nonconsecutive days. Dietary adequacy was determined with the Mean Adequacy Ratio. Mean body mass index for the four beverage consumption groups was compared; there were no differences among the groups (overall mean+/-standard error=30.8+/-0.3). Women in the high milk/low sweetened beverage group had higher mean intakes of vitamins A, D, and B-6; riboflavin; thiamin; folate; phosphorus; calcium; iron; magnesium; and potassium (P<0.0125 for all) when compared with the other beverage consumption groups. Mean Adequacy Ratio was highest in the high milk/low sweetened beverage (71.8+/-0.8) and lowest in the low milk/high sweetened beverage (58.4+/-0.8) consumption groups (P<0.0125). Women in the high milk/low sweetened beverage group consumed more nutrient-dense foods. Overall consumption of milk was low. Consumption of high milk/low sweetened beverage was associated with improved nutrient intake, including the shortfall nutrients, ie, calcium, potassium, magnesium, and vitamin A.
参与“启智计划”项目且育有子女的母亲在为孩子提供健康饮食以及为孩子树立良好饮食行为榜样方面发挥着关键作用,但关于她们自身的饮食,尤其是饮料消费情况,我们了解甚少。本研究的目的是评估“启智计划”项目中多民族母亲群体的牛奶和甜味饮料消费量与营养摄入、饮食充足性及体重之间的关联。通过横断面二次分析,将非裔美国人(43%)、西班牙裔(33%)和白人(24%)女性(n = 609)分为四个饮料消费组:高牛奶/低甜味饮料组、高牛奶/高甜味饮料组、低牛奶/低甜味饮料组和低牛奶/高甜味饮料组。通过对3个非连续日的24小时饮食回忆进行平均来确定营养摄入量。用平均充足率来确定饮食充足性。比较了四个饮料消费组的平均体重指数;各组之间无差异(总体平均值±标准误差 = 30.8±0.3)。与其他饮料消费组相比,高牛奶/低甜味饮料组的女性维生素A、D、B - 6、核黄素、硫胺素、叶酸、磷、钙、铁、镁和钾的平均摄入量更高(所有P < 0.0125)。高牛奶/低甜味饮料消费组的平均充足率最高(71.8±0.8),低牛奶/高甜味饮料消费组最低(58.4±0.8)(P < 0.0125)。高牛奶/低甜味饮料组的女性摄入了更多营养丰富的食物。总体牛奶消费量较低。高牛奶/低甜味饮料的消费与营养摄入改善有关,包括钙、钾、镁和维生素A等缺乏营养素的摄入改善。