Fiorito Laura M, Marini Michele, Mitchell Diane C, Smiciklas-Wright Helen, Birch Leann L
The Center for Childhood Obesity Research, 129 Noll Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 Apr;110(4):543-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.12.027.
Information is limited on persistence of early beverage patterns throughout childhood and adolescence and their influence on long-term dietary intake.
To describe changes in beverage intake during childhood and assess beverage and nutrient intake from ages 5 to 15 years among girls who were consuming or not consuming sweetened carbonated beverages (soda) at age 5 years.
DESIGN/SUBJECTS: Participants were part of a longitudinal study of non-Hispanic white girls and their parents (n=170) assessed biennially from age 5 to 15 years starting fall 1996.
At each assessment, intakes of beverages (milk, fruit juice, fruit drinks, soda, and tea/coffee), energy, macronutrients, and micronutrients were assessed using three 24-hour recalls. Analyses of longitudinal changes and the interaction between beverage type and age were conducted using a mixed modeling approach. Girls were categorized as either soda consumers or nonconsumers at age 5 years. A mixed modeling approach was used to assess longitudinal differences and patterns of change in beverage and nutrient intake between soda consumption groups.
Early differences in soda intake were predictive of later soda and milk intake and of differences in selected nutrients. Relative to girls who were not consuming soda beverages at age 5 years, soda consumers at age 5 years had higher subsequent soda intake, lower milk intake, higher intake of added sugars, lower protein, fiber, vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, and potassium from ages 5 to 15 years.
Soda consumption at age 5 years predicted patterns of nutrient intake that persisted during childhood and into adolescence. Diets of soda consumers were higher in added sugars and lower in protein, fiber, calcium, vitamin D, magnesium, phosphorous, and potassium. Findings provide a more complex picture regarding the emergence of early beverage patterns and their predictive effects on nutrient intake across childhood and adolescence.
关于儿童期和青少年期早期饮料摄入模式的持续性及其对长期饮食摄入的影响，相关信息有限。
描述儿童期饮料摄入量的变化，并评估5至15岁女孩在5岁时饮用或不饮用甜味碳酸饮料（汽水）情况下的饮料和营养素摄入量。
设计/研究对象：参与者是一项针对非西班牙裔白人女孩及其父母的纵向研究的一部分（n = 170），从1996年秋季开始，每两年评估一次，年龄范围为5至15岁。
每次评估时，使用三次24小时饮食回顾来评估饮料（牛奶、果汁、果汁饮料、汽水和茶/咖啡）、能量、宏量营养素和微量营养素的摄入量。使用混合建模方法对纵向变化以及饮料类型和年龄之间的相互作用进行分析。女孩在5岁时被分为汽水饮用者或非饮用者。采用混合建模方法评估汽水消费组之间饮料和营养素摄入量的纵向差异和变化模式。
早期汽水摄入量的差异可预测后期汽水和牛奶的摄入量以及某些营养素的差异。与5岁时不饮用汽水的女孩相比，5岁时饮用汽水的女孩在5至15岁期间后续汽水摄入量更高，牛奶摄入量更低，添加糖摄入量更高，蛋白质、纤维、维生素D、钙、镁、磷和钾的摄入量更低。
5岁时饮用汽水可预测在儿童期和青少年期持续存在的营养素摄入模式。饮用汽水者的饮食中添加糖含量较高，而蛋白质、纤维、钙、维生素D、镁、磷和钾含量较低。研究结果为早期饮料摄入模式的出现及其对儿童期和青少年期营养素摄入的预测作用提供了更复杂的情况。
