Vingolo Enzo M, Salvatore Serena, Cavarretta Sonia
Department of Ophthalmology, Alfredo Fiorini Hospital, La Sapienza University, Polo Pontino, Terracina, LT, Italy.
Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2009 Jun;34(2):127-33. doi: 10.1007/s10484-009-9083-4. Epub 2009 Apr 25.
Macular disease is one of the main causes of visual impairment. We studied the efficacy of low-vision rehabilitation by means of MP-1 biofeedback examination in patients with different macular disease. Five patients were enrolled (3 female and 2 male, mean age 53.8 years) and a total of 9 eyes was examined: 2 eyes with vitelliform dystrophy, 1 with a post-traumatic macular scar, 2 with Stargardt disease, 2 with myopic macular degeneration, 2 with cone dystrophy. All the patients underwent the following tests: visual acuity, reading speed, fixation test, MP-1 microperimetry. Low-vision rehabilitation, which lasted 10 weeks, consisted of 10 training sessions of 10 min for each eye, performed once a week using the MP-1 biofeedback examination. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test. p values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. After training all patients displayed an improvement in visual acuity, fixation behaviour, retinal sensitivity and reading speed. Fixation behaviour within the 2 degrees diameter circle improved and was statistically significant for reading speed (p = 0.01). Reading speed improved from a mean value of 64.3 to 92 words/min. Our results show that audio feedback can, by increasing attentional modulation, help the brain to fix the final preferred retinal locus. Audio feedback facilitates stimuli transmission between intraretinal neurons as well as between the retina and brain, which is where the highest level of stimuli processing occurs, thereby probably supporting a "remapping phenomenon".
黄斑疾病是视力损害的主要原因之一。我们研究了通过MP-1生物反馈检查对不同黄斑疾病患者进行低视力康复的疗效。共纳入5例患者（3例女性，2例男性，平均年龄53.8岁），共检查9只眼：2只患有卵黄样营养不良，1只患有外伤性黄斑瘢痕，2只患有斯塔加特病，2只患有近视性黄斑变性，2只患有视锥营养不良。所有患者均接受了以下检查：视力、阅读速度、注视测试、MP-1微视野检查。低视力康复持续10周，包括对每只眼进行10次每次10分钟的训练，每周进行一次，使用MP-1生物反馈检查。采用学生t检验进行统计分析。p值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。训练后，所有患者的视力、注视行为、视网膜敏感度和阅读速度均有改善。直径2度圆内的注视行为得到改善，阅读速度具有统计学意义（p = 0.01）。阅读速度从平均值64.3字/分钟提高到92字/分钟。我们的结果表明，音频反馈可以通过增加注意力调制，帮助大脑确定最终的首选视网膜位点。音频反馈促进视网膜内神经元之间以及视网膜与大脑之间的刺激传递，而大脑是刺激处理水平最高的地方，从而可能支持一种“重新映射现象”。
