Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (VWA), Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Health Policy. 2009 Oct;92(2-3):197-202. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2009.03.009. Epub 2009 Apr 26.
A workplace-smoking ban in the Netherlands was introduced on January 1, 2004. Before the ban male and low educated employees were at higher risk for exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Effective implementation of the ban should result not only in an overall decline of exposure, but also in the disappearance of systematic differences in exposure between subgroups of employees.
Data from a Dutch continuous Internet survey were used. From July 2003 through June 2005, 200 respondents were randomly selected each week. The sample consisted of 11,291 non-smoking, working respondents, aged 16-65 years.
ETS exposure decreased among all employees and among subgroups at higher risk before the ban. However, also after the ban, males and low educated employees were still most likely to be exposed to ETS.
The workplace-smoking ban was effective in reducing ETS exposure among employees. However, after the ban still 52.2% of non-smoking workers reported to be exposed. We did not find the expected stronger effect among employees who were at higher risk. Both before and after implementation of the ban, males and lower educated employees were about two times more likely to be exposed to ETS.
2004 年 1 月 1 日，荷兰颁布了工作场所禁烟令。在此之前，男性和受教育程度较低的员工更容易接触到环境烟草烟雾（ETS）。禁烟令的有效实施不仅应该导致暴露总体下降，而且还应该消除员工亚组之间暴露的系统性差异。
使用荷兰连续互联网调查的数据。从 2003 年 7 月到 2005 年 6 月，每周随机选择 200 名受访者。该样本由 11291 名不吸烟、工作的受访者组成，年龄在 16-65 岁之间。
在禁令实施之前，所有员工和风险较高的亚组的 ETS 暴露都有所减少。然而，即使在禁令实施之后，男性和受教育程度较低的员工仍然最有可能接触到 ETS。
工作场所禁烟令在减少员工 ETS 暴露方面是有效的。然而，禁令实施后仍有 52.2%的非吸烟工人报告暴露于 ETS 之下。我们没有发现预期的高危员工中更强的效果。在禁令实施前后，男性和受教育程度较低的员工接触 ETS 的可能性大约是两倍。
