检测新奇性和显著性。
Detecting novelty and significance.
机构信息
University of Florida, USA.
出版信息
J Cogn Neurosci. 2010 Feb;22(2):404-11. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2009.21244.
Abstract
Studies of cognition often use an "oddball" paradigm to study effects of stimulus novelty and significance on information processing. However, an oddball tends to be perceptually more novel than the standard, repeated stimulus as well as more relevant to the ongoing task, making it difficult to disentangle effects due to perceptual novelty and stimulus significance. In the current study, effects of perceptual novelty and significance on ERPs were assessed in a passive viewing context by presenting repeated and novel pictures (natural scenes) that either signaled significant information regarding the current context or not. A fronto-central N2 component was primarily affected by perceptual novelty, whereas a centro-parietal P3 component was modulated by both stimulus significance and novelty. The data support an interpretation that the N2 reflects perceptual fluency and is attenuated when a current stimulus matches an active memory representation and that the amplitude of the P3 reflects stimulus meaning and significance.
摘要
研究认知的人常采用“异常刺激”范式来研究刺激新颖性和重要性对信息处理的影响。然而，异常刺激在感知上往往比标准的、重复的刺激更具新颖性，并且与正在进行的任务更相关，这使得很难区分由于感知新颖性和刺激重要性而产生的影响。在本研究中，通过呈现重复和新颖的图片（自然场景）来评估感知新颖性和重要性对 ERP 的影响，这些图片要么标志着当前上下文的重要信息，要么没有。额中央的 N2 成分主要受感知新颖性影响，而中央顶的 P3 成分则同时受到刺激意义和新颖性的调制。数据支持这样一种解释，即 N2 反映了知觉流畅性，当当前刺激与活跃的记忆表征匹配时，N2 会减弱，而 P3 的幅度反映了刺激的意义和重要性。
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