Ahmed Omar J, Mehta Mayank R
Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Trends Neurosci. 2009 Jun;32(6):329-38. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2009.01.009. Epub 2009 May 4.
Since the days of Cajal, the CA1 pyramidal cell has arguably received more attention than any other neuron in the mammalian brain. Hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells fire spikes with remarkable spatial and temporal precision, giving rise to the hippocampal rate and temporal codes. However, little is known about how different inputs interact during spatial behavior to generate such robust firing patterns. Here, we review the properties of the rodent hippocampal rate code and synthesize work from several disciplines to understand the functional anatomy and excitation-inhibition balance that can produce the rate-coded outputs of the CA1 pyramidal cell. We argue that both CA3 and entorhinal inputs are crucial for the formation of sharp, sparse CA1 place fields and that precisely timed and dominant inhibition is an equally important factor.
自卡哈尔时代以来，海马体CA1区锥体细胞受到的关注可能比哺乳动物大脑中的任何其他神经元都要多。海马体CA1区锥体细胞以卓越的空间和时间精度发放动作电位，从而产生海马体速率编码和时间编码。然而，对于在空间行为过程中不同输入如何相互作用以产生如此稳健的发放模式，我们却知之甚少。在这里，我们回顾啮齿动物海马体速率编码的特性，并综合多个学科的研究成果，以了解能够产生CA1区锥体细胞速率编码输出的功能解剖结构和兴奋-抑制平衡。我们认为，CA3区和内嗅皮层的输入对于形成清晰、稀疏的CA1区位置野至关重要，而精确计时且占主导地位的抑制作用同样是一个重要因素。
