Alsop B, Davison M
Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
J Exp Anal Behav. 1991 Jul;56(1):67-80. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1991.56-67.
The present study measured the effects of stimulus and reinforcer variations on pigeons' behavior in two different choice procedures. Two intensities of white light were presented as the stimuli on the main key in a switching-key concurrent schedule and as the sample stimuli in a signal-detection procedure. Under both procedures, the scheduled rate of reinforcement was varied across conditions to produce various ratios of obtained reinforcement. These ratios were obtained for seven pairs of light intensities. In the concurrent schedules, the effects of reinforcer-ratio variations were positively correlated with the physical disparity between the two light intensities. In the signal-detection procedure, changes in the reinforcer ratio produced greater effects on performance when stimulus disparity was very low or very high compared to those found at intermediate levels of stimulus disparity. This discrepancy creates a dilemma for existing behavioral models of signal-detection performance.
本研究在两种不同的选择程序中测量了刺激和强化物变化对鸽子行为的影响。在切换键并发程序中，两种强度的白光作为主按键上的刺激呈现，在信号检测程序中作为样本刺激呈现。在这两种程序下，强化的预定速率在不同条件下变化，以产生不同的获得强化的比率。针对七对光强度获得了这些比率。在并发程序中，强化比率变化的影响与两种光强度之间的物理差异呈正相关。在信号检测程序中，与刺激差异处于中间水平时相比，当刺激差异非常低或非常高时，强化比率的变化对表现产生更大的影响。这种差异给现有的信号检测表现行为模型带来了困境。
