Antibody production, design and use for biosensor-based applications.

Currently, the reliable detection and quantification of a multitude of different analytes is crucial in many applications and settings. Biosensors have revolutionised diagnostics for use in point-of-care testing (POC), the detection of food and environmental contaminants, biological warfare agents, illicit drugs and human/animal disease markers. Antibodies continue to play a pivotal role in many sensor devices due to their exquisite specificity for their cognate antigens. In this review current biosensor platforms employing antibodies for molecular recognition are briefly described. The use of molecular biological techniques for the generation and improvement of antibodies is critically examined. Such recombinant antibodies possess improved attributes for use in biosensor development in terms of design, stability, affinity and specificity.