Sharma Shikha, Byrne Hannah, O'Kennedy Richard J
Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
Essays Biochem. 2016 Jun 30;60(1):9-18. doi: 10.1042/EBC20150002.
The rapid diagnosis of many diseases and timely initiation of appropriate treatment are critical determinants that promote optimal clinical outcomes and general public health. Biosensors are now being applied for rapid diagnostics due to their capacity for point-of-care use with minimum need for operator input. Antibody-based biosensors or immunosensors have revolutionized diagnostics for the detection of a plethora of analytes such as disease markers, food and environmental contaminants, biological warfare agents and illicit drugs. Antibodies are ideal biorecognition elements that provide sensors with high specificity and sensitivity. This review describes monoclonal and recombinant antibodies and different immobilization approaches crucial for antibody utilization in biosensors. Examples of applications of a variety of antibody-based sensor formats are also described.
许多疾病的快速诊断以及及时启动适当治疗是促进最佳临床结果和公众健康的关键决定因素。生物传感器因其能够在现场即时使用且对操作人员输入的需求最小，目前正被应用于快速诊断。基于抗体的生物传感器或免疫传感器已经彻底改变了诊断方法，可用于检测大量分析物，如疾病标志物、食品和环境污染物、生物战剂及非法药物。抗体是理想的生物识别元件，能为传感器提供高特异性和高灵敏度。本综述描述了单克隆抗体和重组抗体以及对于在生物传感器中利用抗体至关重要的不同固定方法。还介绍了各种基于抗体的传感器形式的应用实例。
