Ndagijimana Maurice, Laghi Luca, Vitali Beatrice, Placucci Giuseppe, Brigidi Patrizia, Guerzoni M Elisabetta
Department of Food Science, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40127, Bologna, Italy.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2009 Aug 31;134(1-2):147-53. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.04.016. Epub 2009 Apr 24.
The capacity of human lactobacilli and bifidobacteria to produce metabolites under conditions that may prevail in the human intestine has been studied "in vitro". However, the effect of systematic probiotic consumption on human metabolic phenotype has not been investigated in faeces. This paper shows the potential for the use of (1)H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ((1)H NMR) spectroscopy for studying the changes of the metabolic profiles of human faecal slurries. Faeces of 16 subjects, characterized by different natural levels of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria were recovered before and after 1 month of supplementation with a synbiotic food based on Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum and fructooligosaccharides, and analyzed by (1)H NMR. Multivariate statistical approach has been applied to the data obtained and particularly Canonical Discriminant Analysis of Principal Coordinates (CAP). More than 150 molecules belonging to short chain fatty acids, organic acids, esters, alcohols and amino acids were detected and quantified in the samples considered. The number and the extent of these molecules in faecal slurries were strongly affected by the synbiotic food consumption and gave rise to characteristic metabolic signature. In particular, the short chain fatty acid concentrations significantly increased while the amino acids contents decreased. The comparison of the data indicated that the intake of the synbiotic food alters the host metabolism in a measure dependent on the initial level of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria detected in the faecal specimens. The analysis of (1)H NMR profiles with CAP allowed a separation of faecal samples of the subjects on the basis of the synbiotic food intake. The multivariate statistical approach used demonstrated the potential of NMR metabolic profiles to provide biomarkers of the gut-microbial activity related to dietary supplementation of probiotics.
已在“体外”研究了人类乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌在人类肠道可能存在的条件下产生代谢物的能力。然而，尚未在粪便中研究系统性食用益生菌对人类代谢表型的影响。本文展示了使用核磁共振氢谱（¹H NMR）光谱研究人类粪便悬液代谢谱变化的潜力。在16名受试者补充基于嗜酸乳杆菌、长双歧杆菌和低聚果糖的合生元食品1个月前后，收集其粪便，这些受试者粪便中乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的天然水平各不相同，并通过¹H NMR进行分析。已将多元统计方法应用于所获得的数据，特别是主坐标典型判别分析（CAP）。在所研究的样本中检测并定量了150多种属于短链脂肪酸、有机酸、酯类、醇类和氨基酸的分子。粪便悬液中这些分子的数量和含量受合生元食品摄入的强烈影响，并产生了特征性的代谢特征。特别是，短链脂肪酸浓度显著增加，而氨基酸含量下降。数据比较表明，合生元食品的摄入改变宿主代谢的程度取决于粪便样本中检测到的乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的初始水平。用CAP分析¹H NMR谱可以根据合生元食品的摄入量对受试者的粪便样本进行区分。所使用的多元统计方法证明了NMR代谢谱有潜力提供与益生菌饮食补充相关的肠道微生物活性生物标志物。
