Brammer Karla S, Oh Seunghan, Cobb Christine J, Bjursten Lars M, van der Heyde Henri, Jin Sungho
Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0411, USA.
Acta Biomater. 2009 Oct;5(8):3215-23. doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.05.008. Epub 2009 May 15.
The titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) nanotube surface enables significantly accelerated osteoblast adhesion and exhibits strong bonding with bone. We prepared various sizes (30-100 nm diameter) of titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) nanotubes on titanium substrates by anodization and investigated the osteoblast cellular behavior in response to these different nanotube sizes. The unique and striking result of this study is that a change in osteoblast behavior is obtained in a relatively narrow range of nanotube dimensions, with small diameter ( approximately 30 nm) nanotubes promoting the highest degree of osteoblast adhesion, while larger diameter (70-100 nm) nanotubes elicit a lower population of cells with extremely elongated cellular morphology and much higher alkaline phosphatase levels. Increased elongation of nuclei was also observed with larger diameter nanotubes. By controlling the nanotopography, large diameter nanotubes, in the approximately 100 nm regime, induced extremely elongated cellular shapes, with an aspect ratio of 11:1, which resulted in substantially enhanced up-regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity, suggesting greater bone-forming ability than nanotubes with smaller diameters. Such nanotube structures, already being a strongly osseointegrating implant material, offer encouraging implications for the development and optimization of novel orthopedics-related treatments with precise control toward desired cell and bone growth behavior.
二氧化钛（TiO₂）纳米管表面能显著加速成骨细胞黏附，并与骨呈现出强结合力。我们通过阳极氧化在钛基底上制备了各种尺寸（直径30 - 100 nm）的二氧化钛（TiO₂）纳米管，并研究了成骨细胞对这些不同纳米管尺寸的细胞行为反应。本研究独特且显著的结果是，在相对较窄的纳米管尺寸范围内可获得成骨细胞行为的变化，小直径（约30 nm）纳米管促进成骨细胞黏附程度最高，而大直径（70 - 100 nm）纳米管诱导出较低数量但细胞形态极度拉长且碱性磷酸酶水平高得多的细胞。大直径纳米管还观察到细胞核伸长增加。通过控制纳米形貌，约100 nm尺寸的大直径纳米管诱导出长宽比为11:1的极度拉长的细胞形状，这导致碱性磷酸酶活性上调显著增强，表明其成骨能力比小直径纳米管更强。这种纳米管结构作为一种已具有强骨整合能力的植入材料，为开发和优化与骨科相关的新型治疗方法提供了令人鼓舞的启示，可精确控制细胞和骨的生长行为以达到预期效果。
