Rabiner David L, Anastopoulos Arthur D, Costello E Jane, Hoyle Rick H, McCabe Sean Esteban, Swartzwelder H Scott
Center for Child and Family Policy, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
J Atten Disord. 2009 Sep;13(2):144-53. doi: 10.1177/1087054708320414. Epub 2009 May 15.
This study assesses the misuse and diversion of prescribed attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications.
One hundred fifteen students, attending two universities, with prescriptions for ADHD medications completed a Web survey in spring 2007.
Eighty-nine of 115 students (69%) used their ADHD medications as prescribed, whereas 36 (31%) had misused during college by taking larger or more frequent doses than prescribed or by using someone else's medication. Nine students (8%) reported intranasal use during the previous 6 months, and 30 (26%) had diverted medications to peers. Misuse was associated with impulsivity and with other substance use. Enhancing the ability to study outside of class was students' primary motive for misuse, but nonacademic reasons were also reported. Students who misused ADHD medications generally felt that doing so was helpful.
Although most students use their ADHD medication as prescribed, misuse and diversion is not uncommon. Because enhancing academic performance was the primary motive for misuse, the results raise questions about whether undergraduates with ADHD perceive their treatment as adequate and the extent to which physicians and students communicate about issues related to medication adjustments.
本研究评估处方治疗注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）药物的滥用和转移情况。
2007年春季，115名在两所大学就读且有ADHD药物处方的学生完成了一项网络调查。
115名学生中有89名（69%）按处方使用ADHD药物，而36名（31%）在大学期间存在滥用情况，表现为服用剂量比处方规定的更大或更频繁，或使用他人的药物。9名学生（8%）报告在过去6个月内有鼻内使用药物的情况，30名（26%）将药物转给同龄人。滥用与冲动性及其他物质使用有关。提高课外学习能力是学生滥用药物的主要动机，但也有非学术性原因被报告。滥用ADHD药物的学生普遍认为这样做是有帮助的。
尽管大多数学生按处方使用ADHD药物，但滥用和转移情况并不罕见。由于提高学业成绩是滥用的主要动机，研究结果引发了关于患有ADHD的本科生是否认为其治疗足够，以及医生与学生就药物调整相关问题沟通程度的疑问。
