所有可注射真皮填充剂注射后形成的异物肉芽肿：第1部分。可能的原因。
Foreign body granulomas after all injectable dermal fillers: part 1. Possible causes.
作者信息
Lemperle Gottfried, Gauthier-Hazan Nelly, Wolters Marianne, Eisemann-Klein Marita, Zimmermann Ute, Duffy David M
机构信息
San Diego and Los Angeles, Calif.; Paris, France; and Frankfurt am Main and Regensburg, Germany From the Division of Plastic Surgery, University of California, San Diego; private practice; the Department of Plastic Surgery, Caritas-Hospital St. Josef; the Institut Privé de Histopathologie; and the Department of Dermatology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
出版信息
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009 Jun;123(6):1842-1863. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31818236d7.
Genuine granuloma formation following implantation of injectable dermal fillers is a rare complication, with incidences ranging from one in 100 patients (1 percent) to one in 5000 (0.02 percent). Foreign body granulomas occur several months to years after injection at all implantation sites at the same time. Without treatment, they may grow to the size of beans, remain virtually unchanged for some years, and then resolve spontaneously. Three clinical and histologic types of foreign body granulomas can be distinguished:Permanent implants are not characterized by a higher rate of foreign body granuloma per se than temporary implants; however, their clinical appearance is more pronounced and their persistence longer if not treated adequately.
注射用真皮填充剂植入后真正形成肉芽肿是一种罕见的并发症，发生率从每100例患者中的1例（1%）到每5000例中的1例（0.02%）不等。异物肉芽肿在注射后数月至数年同时出现在所有植入部位。未经治疗，它们可能长到豆子大小，数年基本不变，然后自行消退。异物肉芽肿可分为三种临床和组织学类型：永久性植入物本身并不比临时性植入物有更高的异物肉芽肿发生率；然而，如果治疗不充分，它们的临床表现会更明显，持续时间更长。
Zotero 插件