Harridge Stephen D R, Velloso Cristiana P
Division of Applied Biomedical Research, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Shepherd's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom.
Growth Horm IGF Res. 2009 Aug;19(4):378-82. doi: 10.1016/j.ghir.2009.04.016. Epub 2009 May 31.
Gene doping is the term given to the potential misuse of gene therapy for the purposes of enhancing athletic performance. Insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-I), the prime target of growth hormone action, is one candidate gene for improving performance. In recent years a number of transgenic and somatic gene transfer studies on animals have shown that upregulation of IGF-I stimulates muscle growth and improves function. This increase in muscle IGF-I is not reflected in measurable increases in circulating IGF-I. Whilst the responses obtained in the animal studies would appear to give clear benefits for performance, the transfer of such techniques to humans still presents many technical challenges. Further challenges will also be faced by the anti doping authorities in detecting the endogenously produced products of enhanced gene expression.
基因兴奋剂是指为提高运动成绩而可能滥用基因治疗的行为。胰岛素样生长因子-I（IGF-I）是生长激素作用的主要靶点，是一个有望提高成绩的候选基因。近年来，多项针对动物的转基因和体细胞基因转移研究表明，IGF-I的上调可刺激肌肉生长并改善功能。肌肉中IGF-I的这种增加并未反映在循环IGF-I的可测量增加上。虽然在动物研究中获得的结果似乎对提高成绩有明显益处，但将此类技术应用于人类仍面临许多技术挑战。反兴奋剂机构在检测基因表达增强后内源性产生的产物时也将面临进一步的挑战。
