Farina Annarita, Dumonceau Jean-Marc, Lescuyer Pierre
Biomedical Proteomics Research Group, Department of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Switzerland.
Expert Rev Proteomics. 2009 Jun;6(3):285-301. doi: 10.1586/epr.09.12.
Bile is a body fluid produced by the liver and drained by biliary ducts into the duodenum. It has two major functions: first, it contains bile acids, which are critical for the digestion of fats, and second, it is an excretory pathway for many endogenous and exogenous compounds. Proteomic analysis of bile is particularly difficult since this fluid contains high concentrations of various substances that strongly interfere with protein separation and identification techniques. Furthermore, owing to its deep location in the body, bile must be collected by surgical or endoscopic procedures. However, as was speculated for other body fluids, bile appears to be a promising sample for the discovery of disease biomarkers leaking from proximal tissues: the liver, pancreas or biliary tree. The interest in clinical proteomics was demonstrated by two studies that identified in bile potential biomarkers for two deadly and difficult to diagnose neoplasms, pancreatic cancer and cholangiocarcinoma.
胆汁是一种由肝脏产生并通过胆管排入十二指肠的体液。它有两个主要功能：其一，它含有胆汁酸，这对脂肪消化至关重要；其二，它是许多内源性和外源性化合物的排泄途径。胆汁的蛋白质组学分析特别困难，因为这种体液含有高浓度的各种物质，这些物质会强烈干扰蛋白质分离和鉴定技术。此外，由于胆汁在体内位置较深，必须通过手术或内镜检查程序来收集。然而，正如对其他体液的推测一样，胆汁似乎是发现从近端组织（肝脏、胰腺或胆管树）泄漏的疾病生物标志物的一个有前景的样本。两项研究证明了对临床蛋白质组学的兴趣，这两项研究在胆汁中鉴定出了两种致命且难以诊断的肿瘤——胰腺癌和胆管癌的潜在生物标志物。
