Yamada Kentaro, Ogawa Haruko, Hara Ayako, Yoshida Yukio, Yonezawa Yutaka, Karibe Kazuji, Nghia Vuong Bui, Yoshimura Hiroyuki, Yamamoto Yu, Yamada Manabu, Nakamura Kuniyasu, Imai Kunitoshi
Research Center for Animal Hygiene and Food Safety, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan.
Antiviral Res. 2009 Jul;83(1):35-44. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2009.03.002. Epub 2009 Mar 24.
Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a small-molecule phenolic compound, inactivated influenza A viruses including H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, and H9N2 subtypes. HT also inactivated Newcastle disease virus but not bovine rotavirus, and fowl adenovirus, suggesting that the mechanism of the antiviral effect of HT might require the presence of a viral envelope. Pretreatment of MDCK cells with HT did not affect the propagation of H9N2 virus subsequently inoculated onto the cells, implying that HT targets the virus but not the host cell. H9N2 virus inactivated with HT retained unaltered hemagglutinating activity and bound to MDCK cells in a manner similar to untreated virus. Neuraminidase activity in the HT-treated virus also remained unchanged. However, in the cells inoculated with HT-inactivated H9N2 virus, neither viral mRNA nor viral protein was detected. Electron microscopic analysis revealed morphological abnormalities in the HT-treated H9N2 virus. Most structures found in the HT-treated virus were atypical of influenza virions, and localization of hemagglutinin was not necessarily confined on the virion surface. These observations suggest that the structure of H9N2 virus could be disrupted by HT.
羟基酪醇（HT）是一种小分子酚类化合物，可使包括H1N1、H3N2、H5N1和H9N2亚型在内的甲型流感病毒失活。HT还可使新城疫病毒失活，但对牛轮状病毒和禽腺病毒无效，这表明HT的抗病毒作用机制可能需要病毒包膜的存在。用HT预处理MDCK细胞不会影响随后接种到细胞上的H9N2病毒的增殖，这意味着HT作用于病毒而非宿主细胞。经HT失活的H9N2病毒保留了不变的血凝活性，并以与未处理病毒相似的方式与MDCK细胞结合。经HT处理的病毒中的神经氨酸酶活性也保持不变。然而，在接种了经HT失活的H9N2病毒的细胞中，未检测到病毒mRNA和病毒蛋白。电子显微镜分析显示经HT处理的H9N2病毒存在形态异常。在经HT处理的病毒中发现的大多数结构都不是典型的流感病毒粒子，血凝素的定位不一定局限于病毒粒子表面。这些观察结果表明，HT可能会破坏H9N2病毒的结构。
