Hatchette Todd F, Bastien Nathalie, Berry Jody, Booth Tim F, Chernesky Max, Couillard Michel, Drews Steven, Ebsworth Anthony, Fearon Margaret, Fonseca Kevin, Fox Julie, Gagnon Jean-Nicolas, Guercio Steven, Horsman Greg, Jorowski Cathy, Kuschak Theodore, Li Yan, Majury Anna, Petric Martin, Ratnam Sam, Smieja Marek, Van Caeseele Paul
Division of Microbiology, QE II Health Science Centre, 5788 University Avenue, Room 315, Halifax, NS B3H 1V8.
Can J Public Health. 2009 May-Jun;100(3):204-7. doi: 10.1007/BF03405541.
As the world prepares for the next influenza pandemic, governments have made significant funding commitments to vaccine development and antiviral stockpiling. While these are essential components to pandemic response, rapid and accurate diagnostic testing remains an often neglected cornerstone of pandemic influenza preparedness. Clinicians and Public Health Practitioners need to understand the benefits and drawbacks of different influenza tests in both seasonal and pandemic settings. Culture has been the traditional gold standard for influenza diagnosis but requires from 1-10 days to generate a positive result, compared to nucleic acid detection methods such as real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Although the currently available rapid antigen detection kits can generate results in less than 30 minutes, their sensitivity is suboptimal and they are not recommended for the detection of novel influenza viruses. Until point-of-care (POC) tests are improved, PILPN recommends that the best option for pandemic influenza preparation is the enhancement of nucleic acid-based testing capabilities across Canada.
随着世界为下一次流感大流行做准备，各国政府已为疫苗研发和抗病毒药物储备投入了大量资金。虽然这些是应对大流行的重要组成部分，但快速准确的诊断检测仍然是大流行性流感防范中一个经常被忽视的基石。临床医生和公共卫生从业者需要了解不同流感检测方法在季节性流感和大流行情况下的优缺点。培养法一直是流感诊断的传统金标准，但与核酸检测方法（如实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR））相比，需要1至10天才能得出阳性结果。尽管目前可用的快速抗原检测试剂盒能在不到30分钟内得出结果，但其灵敏度欠佳，不建议用于检测新型流感病毒。在即时检测（POC）得到改进之前，加拿大公共卫生实验室协会（PILPN）建议，加拿大防范大流行性流感的最佳选择是增强基于核酸的检测能力。
