Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2009 Dec;19(6):885-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00849.x. Epub 2008 Aug 5.
This study compared 21 weeks of combined high-intensity strength and endurance training with endurance or strength training only on metabolic risk factors in 40-65-year-old men. The healthy men (n=63) were randomized into endurance (E), strength (S), combined strength and endurance training (SE) and control (C) groups. S and E trained two times a week and SE 2+2 times a week. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly both in E (-6+/-8 and -4+/-6 mmHg) and in S (-9+/-8 and -5+/-7 mmHg), but not in SE or C (P=0.003 for the difference in the changes of SBP between the groups). The changes in serum glucose and insulin during an oral glucose tolerance test did not differ between the groups. Only E decreased serum fasting insulin levels (-17+/-27%, P=0.013). Minor changes were observed in blood lipids and lipoproteins in all groups. Both endurance and strength training can modestly improve metabolic health even in relatively lean older men with normal glucose tolerance. Combined strength and endurance training did not produce complementary benefits on metabolic risk factors. Combined training is effective in improving body composition and cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, however, which is likely to decrease the risk of future metabolic and cardiovascular disease.
这项研究比较了 21 周的高强度力量和耐力训练与仅耐力或力量训练对 40-65 岁男性代谢危险因素的影响。健康男性（n=63）随机分为耐力（E）、力量（S）、力量和耐力联合训练（SE）和对照组（C）。S 和 E 每周训练两次，SE 每周训练 2+2 次。收缩压（SBP）和舒张压在 E 组中均显著降低（分别为-6+/-8 和-4+/-6mmHg）和 S 组中降低（分别为-9+/-8 和-5+/-7mmHg），但 SE 或 C 组中没有降低（组间 SBP 变化的差异 P=0.003）。口服葡萄糖耐量试验期间血清葡萄糖和胰岛素的变化在各组之间没有差异。只有 E 组降低了空腹胰岛素水平（-17+/-27%，P=0.013）。所有组的血脂和脂蛋白均有轻微变化。耐力和力量训练都可以适度改善代谢健康，即使在血糖正常的相对瘦的老年男性中也是如此。联合力量和耐力训练对代谢危险因素没有产生互补的益处。联合训练在改善身体成分、心肺和肌肉健康方面是有效的，然而，这可能会降低未来代谢和心血管疾病的风险。
