Greaney Mary L, Less Faith D, White Adrienne A, Dayton Sarah F, Riebe Deborah, Blissmer Bryan, Shoff Suzanne, Walsh Jennifer R, Greene Geoffrey W
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
J Nutr Educ Behav. 2009 Jul-Aug;41(4):281-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2008.04.354.
To identify barriers and enablers for healthful weight management among college students.
Sixteen on-line focus groups, homogeneous by sex and university.
Eight universities in 8 states.
College students (N = 115; 55% female; mean age 19.7 +/- 1.6).
Qualitative software, Nvivo version 2 (QSR International, Victoria, Australia, 2002), was used; similar codes were grouped together and categorized using an ecological model.
Males and females cited the same barriers to weight management: intrapersonal (eg, temptation and lack of discipline); interpersonal (social situations); and environmental (eg, time constraints, ready access to unhealthful food). Similar enablers were identified by sex: intrapersonal (eg, regulating food intake, being physically active); interpersonal (social support); and environmental (eg, university's environment supports physical activity). More barriers than enablers were given, indicating that these college students were more sensitive to barriers than the enablers for weight management. Factors viewed by some students as barriers to weight management were viewed as enablers by others.
When designing weight management interventions for college students, sex specificity may not be as important as considering that a barrier for one student may be an enabler for another. From an ecological perspective, individually focused interventions must be implemented in conjunction with environmental-level interventions to facilitate behavior change.
确定大学生健康体重管理的障碍因素和促进因素。
16个在线焦点小组，按性别和大学进行同质化分组。
8个州的8所大学。
大学生（N = 115；55%为女性；平均年龄19.7±1.6岁）。
使用定性软件Nvivo 2版（QSR国际公司，澳大利亚维多利亚，2002年）；将相似的编码归为一组，并使用生态模型进行分类。
男性和女性提到的体重管理障碍相同：个人因素（如诱惑和缺乏自律）；人际因素（社交场合）；环境因素（如时间限制、容易获得不健康食品）。按性别确定的促进因素相似：个人因素（如控制食物摄入量、进行体育活动）；人际因素（社会支持）；环境因素（如大学环境支持体育活动）。提到的障碍因素多于促进因素，表明这些大学生对体重管理的障碍因素比促进因素更敏感。一些学生视为体重管理障碍的因素，另一些学生则视为促进因素。
在为大学生设计体重管理干预措施时，性别特异性可能不如考虑到对一名学生来说是障碍的因素对另一名学生可能是促进因素那么重要。从生态角度看，必须将针对个体的干预措施与环境层面的干预措施结合实施，以促进行为改变。
