Damoiseaux Jessica S, Greicius Michael D
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Brain Struct Funct. 2009 Oct;213(6):525-33. doi: 10.1007/s00429-009-0208-6. Epub 2009 Jun 30.
It is commonly assumed that functional brain connectivity reflects structural brain connectivity. The exact relationship between structure and function, however, might not be straightforward. In this review we aim to examine how our understanding of the relationship between structure and function in the 'resting' brain has advanced over the last several years. We discuss eight articles that directly compare resting-state functional connectivity with structural connectivity and three clinical case studies of patients with limited white matter connections between the cerebral hemispheres. All studies examined show largely convergent results: the strength of resting-state functional connectivity is positively correlated with structural connectivity strength. However, functional connectivity is also observed between regions where there is little or no structural connectivity, which most likely indicates functional correlations mediated by indirect structural connections (i.e. via a third region). As the methodologies for measuring structural and functional connectivity continue to improve and their complementary strengths are applied in parallel, we can expect important advances in our diagnostic and prognostic capacities in diseases like Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, and stroke.
人们通常认为大脑功能连接反映了大脑结构连接。然而，结构与功能之间的确切关系可能并非如此简单直接。在这篇综述中，我们旨在探讨在过去几年里，我们对“静息”大脑中结构与功能关系的理解是如何取得进展的。我们讨论了八篇直接比较静息态功能连接与结构连接的文章，以及三篇关于大脑半球间白质连接有限的患者的临床案例研究。所有研究均显示出大致趋同的结果：静息态功能连接的强度与结构连接强度呈正相关。然而，在几乎没有或不存在结构连接的区域之间也观察到了功能连接，这很可能表明存在由间接结构连接（即通过第三个区域）介导的功能相关性。随着测量结构和功能连接的方法不断改进，且它们的互补优势得以并行应用，我们有望在阿尔茨海默病、多发性硬化症和中风等疾病的诊断和预后能力方面取得重要进展。
