Koroshi A
Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Center, Tirana, Albania.
Hippokratia. 2007 Jul;11(3):105-7.
Microalbuminuria (defined as urinary albumin excretion of 30-300 mg/day, or 20-200 microg/min) is an earlier sign of vascular damage. It is a marker of general vascular dysfunction and nowadays is considered a predictor of worse outcomes for both kidney and heart patients. There is a significant correlation between blood pressure and microalbuminuria. Even high normal blood pressure is associated with significant higher frequency of microalbuminuria and this way may be a biomarker of increased cardiovascular risk. Microalbuminuria could be taken also, as an indicator of insulin resistance and of the increased renal and cardiovascular risk associated with metabolic syndrome. Renal involvement is a pivotal development in diabetes and microalbuminuria is generally the first clinical sign of renal dysfunction in diabetics. It is demonstrated that cardiovascular and renal risk is elevated even in the high normal range of microalbuminuria (below 30 mg/day). There is no doubt that therapies that prevent or delay the development of microalbuminuria and all measures that reduce it, may help to prevent or delay end organ damage.
微量白蛋白尿（定义为尿白蛋白排泄量为30 - 300毫克/天，或20 - 200微克/分钟）是血管损伤的早期迹象。它是全身血管功能障碍的一个标志物，如今被认为是肾脏和心脏疾病患者预后较差的一个预测指标。血压与微量白蛋白尿之间存在显著相关性。即使是血压略高于正常范围也与微量白蛋白尿的显著更高发生率相关，因此可能是心血管风险增加的一个生物标志物。微量白蛋白尿也可被视为胰岛素抵抗以及与代谢综合征相关的肾脏和心血管风险增加的一个指标。肾脏受累是糖尿病发展中的一个关键环节，微量白蛋白尿通常是糖尿病患者肾功能障碍的首个临床迹象。研究表明，即使在微量白蛋白尿略高于正常范围（低于30毫克/天）时，心血管和肾脏风险也会升高。毫无疑问，预防或延缓微量白蛋白尿发展的疗法以及所有降低微量白蛋白尿的措施，可能有助于预防或延缓终末器官损伤。
