Toward multiprotein nanoarrays using nanografting and DNA directed immobilization of proteins.

Atomic force microscopy nanografting was utilized to prepare DNA nanopatches of different sizes (200 x 200 to 1000 x 1000 nm(2)) onto which DNA-protein conjugates can be anchored through DNA-directed immobilization. Height measurements were used to assess the binding of the proteins as well as their subsequent interaction with other components, such as antibodies. The results indicate that nanografted patch arrays are well suited for application in biosensing and could enable the fabrication of multifeature protein nanoarrays.