Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Biomarkers. 2009 Jul;14 Suppl 1:74-8. doi: 10.1080/13547500902965096.
Traffic is one of the major sources of environmental pollution in metropolitan areas, emitting pollutants such as particulate matter and noise. Epidemiological evidence links both particulate matter (PM) and noise to cardiovascular disease and increased cardiovascular mortality. Short-term exposure to traffic may trigger acute cardiovascular events. Long-term residential traffic exposure is associated with the degree of subclinical atherosclerosis, prevalence of coronary heart disease and incidence of myocardial infarction. This review will present recent epidemiological findings regarding long-term exposure to traffic and its association with coronary heart disease, using results from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study, an ongoing prospective cohort study of 4814 unselected participants living in three large adjacent cities of the highly industrialized Ruhr Area in western Germany. Special focus is placed on the association of long-term traffic exposure with subclinical atherosclerosis, the major underlying pathology for cardiovascular disease.
交通是大都市环境污染物的主要来源之一，会排放颗粒物和噪音等污染物。流行病学证据表明，颗粒物（PM）和噪音都与心血管疾病和心血管死亡率增加有关。短期接触交通可能会引发急性心血管事件。长期居住在交通繁忙地区与亚临床动脉粥样硬化的程度、冠心病的患病率和心肌梗死的发病率有关。本综述将介绍有关长期接触交通及其与冠心病之间关系的最新流行病学发现，使用来自德国西部高度工业化鲁尔地区三个大型相邻城市的未选择参与者的正在进行的前瞻性队列研究 Heinz Nixdorf 回顾研究的结果。特别关注长期交通暴露与亚临床动脉粥样硬化的关联，这是心血管疾病的主要潜在病理学。
