Bolger N, Schilling E A
University of Denver.
J Pers. 1991 Sep;59(3):355-86. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1991.tb00253.x.
This article investigates mechanisms through which neuroticism leads to distress in daily life. Neuroticism may lead to distress through exposing people to a greater number of stressful events, through increasing their reactivity to those events, or through a mechanism unrelated to environmental events. This article evaluates the relative importance of these three explanations. Subjects were 339 persons who provided daily reports of minor stressful events and mood for 6 weeks. Exposure and reactivity to these minor stressors explained over 40% of the distress difference between high- and low-neuroticism subjects. Reactivity to stressors accounted for twice as much of the distress difference as exposure to stressors. These results suggest that reactions within stressful situations are more important than situation selection in explaining how neuroticism leads to distress in daily life.
本文探讨了神经质导致日常生活中痛苦的机制。神经质可能通过让人们接触更多的压力事件、增加他们对这些事件的反应性，或者通过一种与环境事件无关的机制导致痛苦。本文评估了这三种解释的相对重要性。研究对象为339人，他们连续6周每天报告轻微压力事件和情绪。对这些轻微压力源的接触和反应性解释了高神经质和低神经质受试者之间痛苦差异的40%以上。对压力源的反应性在痛苦差异中所占的比例是接触压力源的两倍。这些结果表明，在解释神经质如何导致日常生活中的痛苦方面，压力情境中的反应比情境选择更重要。
