Park Chai Bin, Braun Kathryn L, Horiuchi Brian Y, Tottori Caryn, Onaka Alvin T
University of Hawaii, Department of Public Health Sciences, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
Public Health Rep. 2009 Jul-Aug;124(4):579-84. doi: 10.1177/003335490912400415.
We examined differences among seven major ethnic groups in Hawaii in life expectancy at birth (e[0]) and mortality at broad age groups.
We constructed life tables for 2000 for Caucasian, Chinese, Filipino, Hawaiian, Japanese, Korean, and Samoan ethnic groups in Hawaii. We partitioned overall mortality into broad age groups: <15 (representing premature mortality), 15-65 (representing working age), and 66-84 and > or =85 (representing senescent mortality).
The overall e(O) in Hawaii was 80.5 years, but the difference between the longest-living group (Chinese) and the shortest-living group (Samoan) was 13 years. Chinese had the lowest mortality rates in each age group except the > or =85 category. In this last age group, we observed anomalously low rates for some new immigrant groups (especially Samoan males) suggesting, as a cause, that elders in these immigrant groups may return to natal countries in their old age and die there. In the <15 age group, mortality rates for Samoans and Koreans were highest, especially for Korean girls, suggesting some continuance in the U.S. of a preference for boy children. Outside of these anomalies, ethnic differences in e(O) were likely explained by socioeconomic and behavioral variables known to affect mortality levels, which are closely associated with ethnicity in Hawaii.
These findings confirm the need to disaggregate Asian and Pacific Islander data, to conduct ethnic-specific research, and to address socioeconomic disparities.
我们研究了夏威夷七个主要种族群体在出生时预期寿命（e[0]）以及各宽泛年龄组死亡率方面的差异。
我们构建了2000年夏威夷白人、华人、菲律宾人、夏威夷原住民、日本人、韩国人和萨摩亚人种族群体的生命表。我们将总体死亡率划分为宽泛年龄组：<15岁（代表过早死亡）、15 - 65岁（代表工作年龄）以及66 - 84岁和≥85岁（代表衰老死亡）。
夏威夷的总体e(O)为80.5岁，但最长寿群体（华人）与最短寿群体（萨摩亚人）之间相差13岁。除≥85岁年龄组外，华人在各年龄组的死亡率最低。在这个最后年龄组中，我们观察到一些新移民群体（尤其是萨摩亚男性）的死亡率异常低，这表明这些移民群体中的老年人可能在老年时返回祖籍国并在那里去世。在<15岁年龄组中，萨摩亚人和韩国人的死亡率最高，尤其是韩国女孩，这表明在美国存在对男孩的偏好仍在延续。除了这些异常情况外，e(O)的种族差异可能由已知影响死亡率水平的社会经济和行为变量来解释，这些变量在夏威夷与种族密切相关。
这些发现证实了有必要对亚太岛民的数据进行分类，开展针对特定种族的研究，并解决社会经济差异问题。
