Perera Frederica P, Li Zhigang, Whyatt Robin, Hoepner Lori, Wang Shuang, Camann David, Rauh Virginia
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Healt, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Pediatrics. 2009 Aug;124(2):e195-202. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-3506. Epub 2009 Jul 20.
This study evaluated the relationship between prenatal exposure to airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and child intelligence.
Children of nonsmoking black or Dominican-American women residing in New York City were monitored from in utero to 5 years of age, with determination of prenatal PAH exposure through personal air monitoring for the mothers during pregnancy. At 5 years of age, intelligence was assessed for 249 children by using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised. Multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate and to test the associations between prenatal PAH exposure and IQ.
After adjustment for maternal intelligence, quality of the home caretaking environment, environmental tobacco smoke exposure, and other potentially confounding factors, high PAH levels (above the median of 2.26 ng/m(3)) were inversely associated with full-scale IQ (P = .007) and verbal IQ (P = .003) scores. Children in the high-exposure group had full-scale and verbal IQ scores that were 4.31 and 4.67 points lower, respectively, than those of less-exposed children (<or=2.26 ng/m(3)). The associations between logarithmically transformed, continuous, PAH levels and these IQ measures also were significant (full-scale IQ: beta = -3.00; P = .009; verbal IQ: beta = -3.53; P = .002).
These results provide evidence that environmental PAHs at levels encountered in New York City air can affect children's IQ adversely.
本研究评估了孕期暴露于空气中多环芳烃（PAHs）与儿童智力之间的关系。
对居住在纽约市的不吸烟黑人或多米尼加裔美国女性的子女从子宫内到5岁进行监测，通过孕期对母亲进行个人空气监测来确定产前PAH暴露情况。在5岁时，使用韦氏学前和小学智力量表修订版对249名儿童进行智力评估。使用多元线性回归模型来估计和检验产前PAH暴露与智商之间的关联。
在调整了母亲智力、家庭照料环境质量、环境烟草烟雾暴露及其他潜在混杂因素后，高PAH水平（高于中位数2.26 ng/m³）与全量表智商（P = .007）和言语智商（P = .003）得分呈负相关。高暴露组儿童的全量表和言语智商得分分别比低暴露儿童（≤2.26 ng/m³）低4.31分和4.67分。对数转换后的连续PAH水平与这些智商指标之间的关联也很显著（全量表智商：β = -3.00；P = .009；言语智商：β = -3.53；P = .002）。
这些结果提供了证据，表明纽约市空气中所遇到的环境PAH水平会对儿童智商产生不利影响。
