Belák S, Kiss I, Viljoen G J
Joint Research and Development Division in Virology, Natl Veterinary Institute and Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, OIE Collaborating Centre for the Biotechnology-based Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases in Veterinary Medicine, Uppsala, Sweden.
Rev Sci Tech. 2009 Apr;28(1):233-43. doi: 10.20506/rst.28.1.1853.
Avian influenza has become a serious concern from both veterinary and public health points of view. National and international organisations, veterinary health authorities, research institutions, diagnostic laboratories and field services make enormous efforts worldwide to detect, combat and prevent this important disease. Accordingly, the standard diagnostic protocols are being supported by a wide variety of molecular detection techniques, including improved polymerase chain reaction assays, microarray-based detection and characterisation methods, very rapid sequencing, simple pen-side tests and other on-site approaches. These recently developed 'closer to the field' methods allow rapid detection of influenza viruses and the identification of pathogenicity variants. However, in order to harmonise the diagnosis worldwide, attention has to be paid to the validation and standardisation of these technologies, to avoid erroneous interpretation of assay results, and, consequently, inappropriate epidemiological measures. This review gives an overview of the current and potential future developments related to avian influenza diagnostics.
从兽医和公共卫生的角度来看，禽流感已成为一个严重问题。国家和国际组织、兽医卫生当局、研究机构、诊断实验室及现场服务部门在全球范围内做出了巨大努力，以检测、抗击和预防这一重要疾病。因此，标准诊断方案得到了多种分子检测技术的支持，包括改进的聚合酶链反应检测、基于微阵列的检测和鉴定方法、超快速测序、简单的床边检测以及其他现场检测方法。这些最近开发的“更贴近现场”的方法能够快速检测流感病毒并鉴定致病性变异体。然而，为了在全球范围内统一诊断，必须关注这些技术的验证和标准化，以避免对检测结果的错误解读，进而避免采取不恰当的流行病学措施。本综述概述了与禽流感诊断相关的当前及未来潜在发展情况。
