Henderson Marlone D
Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, 78712, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2009 Oct;35(10):1330-41. doi: 10.1177/0146167209340905. Epub 2009 Jul 22.
The present research examined the consequences of physical distance on beliefs about common goals, which have been implicated in judgments of entitativeness ("groupness") of social entities. A central feature of task groups is the degree to which its members are driven by common goals. According to construal level theory, as stimuli are removed psychologically (e.g., physically), people construe stimuli in more abstract terms, focusing more on central features of stimuli. Adopting this framework, four studies demonstrated that people are more likely to assume the behavior of task group members is driven by common goals for physically distant rather than near groups. This effect occurred when perceived identification and similarity to others were held constant. Implications for intergroup relations are discussed.
本研究考察了物理距离对关于共同目标信念的影响，共同目标已被认为与社会实体的实体性（“群体性”）判断有关。任务群体的一个核心特征是其成员受共同目标驱动的程度。根据解释水平理论，随着刺激在心理上（如在物理上）被移除，人们会以更抽象的方式解释刺激，更多地关注刺激的核心特征。采用这一框架，四项研究表明，人们更有可能认为任务群体中身处物理距离较远而非较近群体的成员的行为是由共同目标驱动的。当与他人的感知认同和相似性保持不变时，这种效应就会出现。文中还讨论了其对群体间关系的影响。
