Massachusetts School of Professional Psychology, 221 Rivermoor Street, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA.
Community Ment Health J. 2010 Feb;46(1):2-9. doi: 10.1007/s10597-009-9223-6. Epub 2009 Jul 25.
Research has shown that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in the treatment of schizophrenia (Wykes et al. in Schizophr Bull 34(3):523-537, 2008). The majority of this research has been conducted in the United Kingdom (Beck and Rector in Am J Psychother 54:291-300, 2000) where the National Health Service recommends that CBT be delivered to all people with schizophrenia (NICE in Schizophrenia: core interventions in the treatment and management of schizophrenia in primary and secondary care (update). http://www.nice.org.uk/Guidance/CG82/NiceGuidance/pdf/English , 2009). In contrast, the corresponding American Psychiatric Association guidelines describe CBT as an adjunctive technique that "may benefit" patients (Lehman et al. in Am J Psychiatry 161:1-56, 2004, p. 35). Anecdotal evidence also suggests a difference between UK and US clinicians' use of and views on CBT with schizophrenia (Tarrier in Clinical handbook of psychological disorders: a step-by-step treatment manual. Guilford, New York, 2008). In the present study 214 clinicians in the UK and US completed an internet survey examining this apparent discrepancy. UK and US participants were equally aware that empirical research supports the efficacy of CBT with schizophrenia. However, UK participants were more likely to practice CBT, rated CBT effectiveness more highly, and were more optimistic about the chances of recovery. These findings suggest fundamental differences in the attitudes and practices of UK and US clinicians.
研究表明，认知行为疗法（CBT）在治疗精神分裂症方面是有效的（Wykes 等人，《Schizophr Bull》34(3):523-537, 2008）。这些研究大多在英国进行（Beck 和 Rector，《Am J Psychother》54:291-300, 2000），英国国家医疗服务体系建议向所有精神分裂症患者提供 CBT（NICE，《Schizophrenia: core interventions in the treatment and management of schizophrenia in primary and secondary care (update). http://www.nice.org.uk/Guidance/CG82/NiceGuidance/pdf/English》, 2009）。相比之下，相应的美国精神病学协会指南将 CBT 描述为一种辅助技术，“可能对”患者有益（Lehman 等人，《Am J Psychiatry》161:1-56, 2004, p. 35）。轶事证据还表明，英国和美国临床医生在使用和看待 CBT 治疗精神分裂症方面存在差异（Tarrier，《Clinical handbook of psychological disorders: a step-by-step treatment manual. Guilford, New York, 2008）。在本研究中，英国和美国的 214 名临床医生完成了一项互联网调查，调查了这一明显的差异。英国和美国的参与者同样意识到实证研究支持 CBT 治疗精神分裂症的疗效。然而，英国参与者更有可能进行 CBT，对 CBT 的有效性评价更高，对康复的机会也更乐观。这些发现表明英国和美国临床医生的态度和实践存在根本差异。
