Liberman Nira, Förster Jens
Department of Psychology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2009 Aug;97(2):203-16. doi: 10.1037/a0015671.
In 4 studies, the authors examined the prediction derived from construal level theory (CLT) that higher level of perceptual construal would enhance estimated egocentric psychological distance. The authors primed participants with global perception, local perception, or both (the control condition). Relative to the control condition, global processing made participants estimate larger psychological distances in time (Study 1), space (Study 2), social distance (Study 3), and hypotheticality (Study 4). Local processing had the opposite effect. Consistent with CLT, all studies show that the effect of global-versus-local processing did emerge when participants estimated egocentric distances, which are distances from the experienced self in the here and now, but did not emerge with temporal distances not from now (Study 1), spatial distances not from here (Study 2), social distances not from the self (Study 3), or hypothetical events that did not involve altering an experienced reality (Study 4).
在4项研究中，作者检验了从解释水平理论（CLT）得出的预测，即更高水平的感知解释会增强估计的自我中心心理距离。作者用整体感知、局部感知或两者（对照条件）启动参与者。相对于对照条件，整体加工使参与者在时间（研究1）、空间（研究2）、社会距离（研究3）和假设性（研究4）方面估计出更大的心理距离。局部加工则产生相反的效果。与解释水平理论一致，所有研究均表明，当参与者估计自我中心距离（即此时此地与经历自我之间的距离）时，整体与局部加工的效果确实会出现，但对于非当前的时间距离（研究1）、非此地的空间距离（研究2）、非自我的社会距离（研究3）或不涉及改变经历现实的假设事件（研究4），这种效果并未出现。
