Barch Deanna M
Department of Psychology, Washington University in St. Louis, Box 1125, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2009 Aug;11(4):313-9. doi: 10.1007/s11920-009-0045-6.
The past 20 years have been witness to a growing knowledge base of research highlighting the critical importance of cognition in understanding functional status and outcome in schizophrenia. This work has led to an increased emphasis on identifying and evaluating treatments that enhance cognition in schizophrenia, with the hope that this would translate into a better quality of life and improved outcome for patients. At the same time, this research has raised new questions about the specificity of cognitive impairments to schizophrenia and the degree to which similar cognitive impairments may be present in other disorders that can involve psychotic symptoms (eg, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, and psychotic major depression). This article provides a brief overview of work comparing cognitive function across the nonaffective and affective psychoses and highlights areas of similarity and dissimilarity in the role cognition plays in these disorders.
在过去20年里，越来越多的研究知识库表明，认知在理解精神分裂症的功能状态和预后方面至关重要。这项工作使得人们更加重视识别和评估能够改善精神分裂症认知功能的治疗方法，期望这能转化为患者更高的生活质量和更好的预后。与此同时，这项研究也引发了关于精神分裂症认知障碍特异性的新问题，以及在其他可能出现精神病性症状的疾病（如精神分裂症性情感障碍、双相情感障碍和伴有精神病性症状的重度抑郁症）中，类似认知障碍的存在程度。本文简要概述了比较非情感性和情感性精神病认知功能的研究，并突出了认知在这些疾病中所起作用的异同点。
