Pereira Leila M M B, Martelli Celina M T, Merchán-Hamann Edgar, Montarroyos Ulisses R, Braga Maria C, de Lima Maria L C, Cardoso Maria R A, Turchi Marília D, Costa Marcelo A, de Alencar Luiz C A, Moreira Regina C, Figueiredo Gerusa M, Ximenes Ricardo A A
Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Pernambuco, Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2009 Aug;81(2):240-7.
This multicentric population-based study in Brazil is the first national effort to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV) and risk factors in the capital cities of the Northeast, Central-West, and Federal Districts (2004-2005). Random multistage cluster sampling was used to select persons 13-69 years of age. Markers for HBV were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The HBV genotypes were determined by sequencing hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Multivariate analyses and simple catalytic model were performed. Overall, 7,881 persons were included; < 70% were not vaccinated. Positivity for HBsAg was less than 1% among non-vaccinated persons and genotypes A, D, and F co-circulated. The incidence of infection increased with age with similar force of infection in all regions. Males and persons having initiated sexual activity were associated with HBV infection in the two settings; healthcare jobs and prior hospitalization were risk factors in the Federal District. Our survey classified these regions as areas with HBV endemicity and highlighted the risk factors differences among the settings.
这项在巴西开展的多中心基于人群的研究，是首次对东北部、中西部和联邦区首府城市（2004 - 2005年）乙肝（HBV）患病率及危险因素进行的全国性调查。采用随机多阶段整群抽样方法选取13 - 69岁人群。通过酶联免疫吸附试验检测HBV标志物。通过对乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）进行测序确定HBV基因型。进行了多变量分析和简单催化模型分析。总体而言，共纳入7881人；不到70%的人未接种疫苗。未接种疫苗人群中HBsAg阳性率低于1%，A、D和F基因型共同流行。感染发生率随年龄增长而增加，所有地区的感染力相似。在这两种情况下，男性和开始有性行为的人与HBV感染相关；在联邦区，医疗保健工作和既往住院史是危险因素。我们的调查将这些地区归类为HBV地方病流行区，并突出了不同地区危险因素的差异。
