Mosher Catherine E, Sloane Richard, Morey Miriam C, Snyder Denise Clutter, Cohen Harvey J, Miller Paige E, Demark-Wahnefried Wendy
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Cancer. 2009 Sep 1;115(17):4001-9. doi: 10.1002/cncr.24436.
Older cancer survivors are at increased risk for secondary cancers, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and functional decline and, thus, may benefit from health-related interventions. However, to the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding the health behaviors of older cancer survivors and the associations of those behaviors with quality-of-life outcomes, especially during the long-term post-treatment period.
In total, 753 older (aged > or =65 years) long-term survivors (> or =5 years postdiagnosis) of breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer completed 2 baseline telephone interviews to assess their eligibility for a diet and exercise intervention trial. The interviews assessed exercise, diet, weight status, and quality of life.
Older cancer survivors reported a median of 10 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous exercise per week, and only 7% had Healthy Eating Index scores >80 (indicative of healthful eating habits relative to national guidelines). Despite their suboptimal health behaviors, survivors reported mental and physical quality of life that exceeded age-related norms. Greater exercise and better diet quality were associated with better physical quality-of-life outcomes (eg, better vitality and physical functioning; P < .05), whereas greater body mass index was associated with reduced physical quality of life (P < .001).
The current results indicated a high prevalence of suboptimal health behaviors among older, long-term survivors of breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer who were interested in lifestyle modification. In addition, the findings pointed to the potential negative impact of obesity and the positive impact of physical activity and a healthy diet on physical quality of life in this population.
老年癌症幸存者患继发性癌症、心血管疾病、肥胖症和功能衰退的风险增加，因此可能受益于与健康相关的干预措施。然而，据作者所知，对于老年癌症幸存者的健康行为以及这些行为与生活质量结果之间的关联了解甚少，尤其是在长期治疗后阶段。
共有753名年龄在65岁及以上的乳腺癌、前列腺癌和结直肠癌长期幸存者（确诊后5年及以上）完成了2次基线电话访谈，以评估他们参加饮食和运动干预试验的资格。访谈评估了运动、饮食、体重状况和生活质量。
老年癌症幸存者报告每周进行中度至剧烈运动的中位数为10分钟，只有7%的人健康饮食指数得分>80（相对于国家指南表明有健康的饮食习惯）。尽管他们的健康行为不理想，但幸存者报告的心理和生理生活质量超过了与年龄相关的标准。更多的运动和更好的饮食质量与更好的身体生活质量结果相关（例如，更好的活力和身体功能；P<.05），而更高的体重指数与身体生活质量下降相关（P<.001）。
目前的结果表明，对生活方式改变感兴趣的乳腺癌、前列腺癌和结直肠癌老年长期幸存者中，健康行为不理想的患病率很高。此外，研究结果指出肥胖在该人群中可能产生的负面影响，以及体育活动和健康饮食对身体生活质量的积极影响。
