The College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, and The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2009 Oct;21(5):613-9. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e32833063e1.
Suicide is the third leading cause of death among young people in the U.S. and represents a significant public health problem worldwide. This review focuses on recent developments in our understanding of the epidemiology and risk factors for adolescent suicide and suicidal behavior.
The suicide rate among children and adolescents in the U.S. has increased dramatically in recent years and has been accompanied by substantial changes in the leading methods of youth suicide, especially among young girls. Much work is currently underway to elucidate the relationships between psychopathology, substance use, child abuse, bullying, internet use, and youth suicidal behavior. Recent evidence also suggests sex-specific and moderating roles of sex in influencing risk for suicide and suicidal behavior.
Empirical research into the causal mechanisms underlying youth suicide and suicidal behavior is needed to inform early identification and prevention efforts.
自杀是美国年轻人的第三大死因，也是全球范围内一个重大的公共卫生问题。本综述重点介绍了我们对青少年自杀和自杀行为的流行病学和风险因素的最新理解。
近年来，美国儿童和青少年的自杀率急剧上升，青少年自杀的主要方式也发生了重大变化，尤其是在年轻女孩中。目前正在进行大量工作来阐明精神病理学、物质使用、儿童虐待、欺凌、互联网使用与青少年自杀行为之间的关系。最近的证据还表明，性别在影响自杀和自杀行为的风险方面具有性别特异性和调节作用。
需要对青少年自杀和自杀行为的潜在因果机制进行实证研究，以为早期识别和预防工作提供信息。
