Amitai Maya, Apter Alan
Child and Adolescent Division, Geha Mental Health Center, PetachTikva, Israel.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2012 Mar;9(3):985-94. doi: 10.3390/ijerph9030985. Epub 2012 Mar 19.
The present review summarizes the updated literature on the social aspects of suicidal behavior and prevention in adolescents.
The predictive role of psychiatric disorders and past history are well recognized in adolescent suicide, but the role of social and cultural factors is less clear. Studies have focused on the importance of ethnicity, gender, family characteristics, and socioeconomic status. More recently, attention has been addressed to broader social risk factors, such as bullying in adolescents, suicide contagion, sexual orientation, and the popular media. Further empirical evidence is needed to advance our understanding of suicidal youth, develop better assessment tools, and formulate effective prevention and treatment programs.
Suicidal behavior remains an important clinical problem and major cause of death in youth. Social factors may be at least as important as genetics. Advancing our understanding of underlying cultural and sociological issues in youth suicide will help clinicians achieve more efficient prediction, prevention and treatment.
本综述总结了关于青少年自杀行为及预防的社会层面的最新文献。
精神障碍和既往史在青少年自杀中的预测作用已得到充分认识，但社会和文化因素的作用尚不清楚。研究集中在种族、性别、家庭特征和社会经济地位的重要性上。最近，人们开始关注更广泛的社会风险因素，如青少年中的欺凌行为、自杀传染、性取向和大众媒体。需要进一步的实证证据来增进我们对自杀青少年的理解，开发更好的评估工具，并制定有效的预防和治疗方案。
自杀行为仍然是青少年中的一个重要临床问题和主要死因。社会因素可能至少与遗传因素同样重要。增进我们对青少年自杀潜在文化和社会学问题的理解将有助于临床医生实现更有效的预测、预防和治疗。
