Juárez-Ocaña Servando, Palma-Padilla Virginia, González-Miranda Guadalupe, Siordia-Reyes Alicia Georgina, López-Aguilar Enrique, Aguilar-Martínez Martha, Mejía-Aranguré Juan Manuel, Carreón-Cruz Rogelio, Rendón-Macías Mario Enrique, Fajardo-Gutiérrez Arturo
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México.
BMC Cancer. 2009 Aug 3;9:266. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-266.
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the principal tumor of the sympathetic nervous system in children under one year of age. The incidence in developed countries is greater than that in developing countries. The aim of this article is to present the epidemiological and some clinical characteristics of Mexican children with NB.
A population-based, prolective study, with data obtained from the Childhood Cancer Registry of the Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social.
The simple frequencies of the variables of the study and the annual average incidence (per 1,000,000 children/years) by age and sex were obtained. The trend was evaluated by calculating the annual percentage of change. The curves of Kaplan-Meyer were employed for the survival rate and the log-rank test was used to compare the curves.
Of a total of 2,758 children with cancer registered during the period from 1996-2005, 72 (2.6%) were identified as having Group IV, defined according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer. The incidence for NB was 3.8 per 1,000,000 children/year; NB was highest in the group of children under one year of age, followed by the group of children between the ages 1-4 years (18.5 and 5.4 per 1,000,000 children/years, respectively). The male/female ratio was 1.1 and there was no trend toward an increase. The time of diagnosis was 26 days (median), but varied according to the stage at diagnosis. Stages III and IV were presented in 88% of the cases. There was no association between the stage, the age at time of diagnosis, or the histological pattern. The overall five-year survival rate was 64%; the patients with stage I, II, III, or IVs did not die; and the five-year survival rate of cases in Stage IV was 40%.
It is possible that the low incidence of neuroblastoma in Mexican children is due to the difficulty in diagnosing the cases with the best prognosis, some of which could have had spontaneous regression. There was no trend to an increase; the majority of the cases were diagnosed in the advanced stages; and the overall five-years survival rate was similar to that for developed countries.
神经母细胞瘤（NB）是一岁以下儿童交感神经系统的主要肿瘤。发达国家的发病率高于发展中国家。本文旨在介绍墨西哥NB患儿的流行病学及一些临床特征。
一项基于人群的前瞻性研究，数据来自墨西哥社会保障局儿童癌症登记处。
获取研究变量的简单频率以及按年龄和性别划分的年平均发病率（每100万儿童/年）。通过计算年变化百分比评估趋势。采用Kaplan-Meyer曲线计算生存率，并使用对数秩检验比较曲线。
在1996年至2005年期间登记的2758例癌症患儿中，72例（2.6%）被确定为患有根据国际儿童癌症分类定义的IV期。NB的发病率为每100万儿童/年3.8例；NB在一岁以下儿童组中最高，其次是1至4岁儿童组（分别为每100万儿童/年18.5例和5.4例）。男女比例为1.1，且无上升趋势。诊断时间为26天（中位数），但根据诊断阶段而异。III期和IV期占病例的88%。分期、诊断时年龄或组织学模式之间无关联。总体五年生存率为64%；I期、II期、III期或IVs期患者未死亡；IV期病例的五年生存率为40%。
墨西哥儿童神经母细胞瘤发病率低可能是由于难以诊断预后最佳的病例，其中一些病例可能已自发消退。无上升趋势；大多数病例在晚期被诊断；总体五年生存率与发达国家相似。
