Smith Brennan K, Robinson Lindsay E, Nam Robert, Ma David W L
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Br J Nutr. 2009 Nov;102(9):1254-66. doi: 10.1017/S0007114509991437. Epub 2009 Aug 7.
The association between trans-fatty acids (TFA) and cancer risk is poorly understood and remains controversial. It is recognised that unique biological effects are associated with specific isoforms within families of fatty acids such as those belonging to the n-3 fatty acids. Furthermore, the interactions between diet and genetic polymorphisms are increasingly recognised for their potential risk-modifying effects on human health and disease. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to evaluate whether specific TFA isomers and genetic polymorphisms differentially modify cancer risk in prostate, colon and breast cancers in animal and human models. Potential mechanisms of action by which TFA may affect cancer development are also reviewed. Overall, across a number of experimental models and human studies, there is insufficient and inconsistent evidence linking specific TFA isomers to cancers of the prostate, colon and breast. A number of methodological limitations and experimental considerations were identified which may explain the inconsistencies observed across these studies. Therefore, further research is warranted to accurately assess the relationship between TFA and cancer risk.
反式脂肪酸（TFA）与癌症风险之间的关联尚未得到充分理解，仍存在争议。人们认识到，独特的生物学效应与脂肪酸家族中的特定异构体相关，例如属于n-3脂肪酸的那些异构体。此外，饮食与基因多态性之间的相互作用因其对人类健康和疾病的潜在风险调节作用而越来越受到认可。因此，本综述的目的是评估特定的TFA异构体和基因多态性是否在动物和人类模型中对前列腺癌、结肠癌和乳腺癌的癌症风险产生不同的影响。还综述了TFA可能影响癌症发展的潜在作用机制。总体而言，在许多实验模型和人体研究中，将特定TFA异构体与前列腺癌、结肠癌和乳腺癌联系起来的证据不足且不一致。确定了一些方法学局限性和实验考量因素，这可能解释了这些研究中观察到的不一致性。因此，有必要进行进一步研究，以准确评估TFA与癌症风险之间的关系。
