Psychology Department, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
Accid Anal Prev. 2009 Sep;41(5):1040-6. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2009.06.017. Epub 2009 Jul 4.
Pedestrian injuries are a significant health risk to children, particularly those 5-9 years of age. Surprisingly, few studies have explored parent-related factors that may moderate this risk. The present study used naturalistic observations of parent-child pairs crossing at uncontrolled intersections and a short interview to examine parental supervision of children during crossings, modeling of safe-crossing behaviors, beliefs about how children come to cross streets safely, and whether child attributes (age, sex) relate to parental practices and beliefs. Results revealed that parents more closely supervised younger than older children, they modeled safer crossing practices for sons more than daughters, particularly younger sons, and although over half the sample believed children need to be explicitly taught how to cross safely, few actually provided any instruction when crossing with their children. Providing parents both with guidelines for how to accurately appraise their child's readiness for crossing independently and with information about best practices for teaching children how to cross safely may facilitate parents' implementing these practices, particularly if this is coupled with public advocacy highlighting the important role they could play to reduce the risk of child pedestrian injury.
儿童行人受伤是一个严重的健康风险，特别是 5-9 岁的儿童。令人惊讶的是，很少有研究探讨可能影响这一风险的与父母相关的因素。本研究采用自然观察法对在无控制的十字路口穿越的亲子对进行观察，并进行简短的访谈，以考察父母在穿越时对孩子的监督、安全穿越行为的示范、关于孩子如何安全穿越街道的信念，以及孩子的属性（年龄、性别）是否与父母的做法和信念有关。结果表明，父母对年幼的孩子的监督更为密切，他们为儿子（尤其是年幼的儿子）示范更安全的穿越行为，而不是女儿，尽管超过一半的样本认为孩子需要明确地教授如何安全穿越，但实际上很少有父母在与孩子一起穿越时提供任何指导。为父母提供如何准确评估孩子独立穿越的准备情况的指导方针，以及关于如何教孩子安全穿越的最佳实践的信息，可能会促进父母实施这些实践，特别是如果这与宣传活动相结合，强调他们在减少儿童行人受伤风险方面可以发挥的重要作用。
