Rivara F P, Bergman A B, Drake C
Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Seattle, WA 98104.
Pediatrics. 1989 Dec;84(6):1017-21.
Community programs to reduce the toll from pedestrian injuries in childhood must include parents as a key element. This study, consisting of a survey questionnaire, was undertaken to provide information concerning current parent attitudes and practices that could be used to guide prevention programs. The survey consisted of 2464 questionnaires from parents of children in grades kindergarten to four in a suburban school district. Although 94% of parents did not believe that 5- to 6-year-old children can reliably cross streets alone, one third of parents allowed kindergarten-aged children to cross residential streets alone and first-grade children to walk alone to school. The presence of speeding traffic or the lack of safe places to walk did not influence parents in limiting their children's crossings. Few (17%) parents believed that children should be taught not to cross alone; one half of parents, including 41% of parents of kindergarten-aged children believed that children should be taught to cross busy streets without traffic lights. According to results of the study, parent expectations for their children's pedestrian skills may be inappropriate and may be a fruitful target for injury-prevention programs.
旨在降低儿童行人受伤率的社区项目必须将家长纳入其中，作为关键要素。本研究采用调查问卷的方式，旨在提供有关当前家长态度和行为的信息，以指导预防项目。该调查涵盖了一个郊区学区幼儿园至四年级学生家长的2464份问卷。尽管94%的家长认为5至6岁的儿童不能可靠地独自过马路，但三分之一的家长允许幼儿园儿童独自穿过住宅街道，一年级学生独自步行上学。超速行驶的车辆或缺乏安全的步行场所，并没有影响家长限制孩子过马路。很少有家长（17%）认为应该教导孩子不要独自过马路；一半的家长，包括41%的幼儿园儿童家长，认为应该教导孩子在没有交通信号灯的繁忙街道上如何过马路。根据研究结果，家长对孩子行人技能的期望可能并不恰当，可能是预防伤害项目的一个富有成效的目标。
