Kojima Masami, Hanazawa Masahiro, Yamashiro Yoko, Sasaki Hiroshi, Watanabe Soichi, Taki Masao, Suzuki Yukihisa, Hirata Akimasa, Kamimura Yoshitsugu, Sasaki Kazuyuki
Division of Vision Research for Environmental Health, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1, Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan.
Health Phys. 2009 Sep;97(3):212-8. doi: 10.1097/HP.0b013e3181abaa57.
The goal of this study was to examine the clinical course of 60-GHz millimeter-wave induced damages to the rabbit eye and to report experimental conditions that allow reproducible induction of these injuries. The eyes of pigmented rabbits (total number was 40) were irradiated with 60-GHz millimeter-waves using either a horn antenna or one of two lens antennas (6 and 9 mm diameter; phi6, phi9) Morphological changes were assessed by slit-lamp microscopy. Additional assessments included corneal fluorescein staining, iris fluorescein angiography, and lens epithelium light microscopy. Under the standardized eye-antenna positioning, the three antennas caused varying damages to the eyelids or eyeglobes. The most reproducible injuries without concurrent eyelid edema and corneal desiccation were achieved using the phi6 lens antenna: irradiation for 6 min led to an elevation of the corneal surface temperature (reaching 54.2 +/- 0.9 degrees C) plus corneal edema and epithelial cell loss. Furthermore, mitotic cells appeared in the pupillary area of the lens epithelium. Anterior uveitis also occurred resulting in acute miosis (from 6.6 +/- 1.4 to 2.2 +/- 1.4 mm), an increase in flares (from 6.7 +/- 0.9 to 334.3 +/- 130.8 photons per second), and iris vasodilation or vessel leakage. These findings indicate that the three types of millimeter-wave antennas can cause thermal injuries of varying types and levels. The thermal effects induced by millimeter-waves can apparently penetrate below the surface of the eye.
本研究的目的是研究60GHz毫米波对兔眼造成的损伤的临床过程，并报告能够可重复诱导这些损伤的实验条件。使用喇叭天线或两种透镜天线（直径6毫米和9毫米；分别记为phi6、phi9）之一，对40只有色家兔的眼睛进行60GHz毫米波照射。通过裂隙灯显微镜评估形态学变化。其他评估包括角膜荧光素染色、虹膜荧光素血管造影和晶状体上皮光学显微镜检查。在标准化的眼-天线定位条件下，三种天线对眼睑或眼球造成了不同程度的损伤。使用phi6透镜天线可实现最可重复的损伤，且无并发眼睑水肿和角膜干燥：照射6分钟导致角膜表面温度升高（达到54.2±0.9摄氏度），伴有角膜水肿和上皮细胞丢失。此外，在晶状体上皮的瞳孔区域出现有丝分裂细胞。还发生了前葡萄膜炎，导致急性瞳孔缩小（从6.6±1.4毫米缩小至2.2±1.4毫米）、闪光增加（从每秒6.7±0.9个光子增加至每秒334.3±130.8个光子）以及虹膜血管扩张或血管渗漏。这些发现表明，三种类型的毫米波天线可导致不同类型和程度的热损伤。毫米波诱导的热效应显然可穿透眼表面以下。
