Varshney Rajeev K, Nayak Spurthi N, May Gregory D, Jackson Scott A
Centre of Excellence in Genomics (CEG), International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru 502324, A.P., India.
Trends Biotechnol. 2009 Sep;27(9):522-30. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2009.05.006. Epub 2009 Aug 11.
Using next-generation sequencing technologies it is possible to resequence entire plant genomes or sample entire transcriptomes more efficiently and economically and in greater depth than ever before. Rather than sequencing individual genomes, we envision the sequencing of hundreds or even thousands of related genomes to sample genetic diversity within and between germplasm pools. Identification and tracking of genetic variation are now so efficient and precise that thousands of variants can be tracked within large populations. In this review, we outline some important areas such as the large-scale development of molecular markers for linkage mapping, association mapping, wide crosses and alien introgression, epigenetic modifications, transcript profiling, population genetics and de novo genome/organellar genome assembly for which these technologies are expected to advance crop genetics and breeding, leading to crop improvement.
利用新一代测序技术，能够比以往更高效、经济且深入地对整个植物基因组进行重测序或对整个转录组进行取样。我们设想的不是对单个基因组进行测序，而是对数百甚至数千个相关基因组进行测序，以取样种质库内部和之间的遗传多样性。现在，遗传变异的识别和追踪是如此高效和精确，以至于在大群体中可以追踪数千个变异。在本综述中，我们概述了一些重要领域，例如用于连锁作图、关联作图、远缘杂交和外源基因渗入、表观遗传修饰、转录谱分析、群体遗传学以及从头基因组/细胞器基因组组装的分子标记的大规模开发，预计这些技术将推动作物遗传学和育种发展，从而实现作物改良。
