Benelam Bridget
British Nutrition Foundation, UK.
Br J Community Nurs. 2009 Aug;14(8):332-5. doi: 10.12968/bjcn.2009.14.8.43512.
The 'anorexia of aging' refers to reduced appetite and energy intakes observed in some older adults. Satiation (the process that leads to the termination of eating, which may be accompanied by a feeling of satisfaction) and satiety (the feeling of fullness that persists after eating, potentially suppressing further energy intake until hunger returns) are important factors in the control of appetite and energy intake, and there is evidence that some aspects of satiation and satiety are altered in older adults. Factors affected include gastric emptying, which could affect satiation, and levels of gut hormones which could affect satiety. Sensory specific satiety also appears to be reduced in older subjects. This might be important in the anorexia of aging and dietary strategies could be used to reduce satiety and encourage an increased energy intake. However, many other factors may affect the anorexia of aging and it is important to understand these in order to help those at risk of malnutrition.
“衰老性厌食”指的是在一些老年人中观察到的食欲和能量摄入减少的情况。饱腹感（导致进食终止的过程，可能伴有满足感）和饱足感（进食后持续存在的饱腹感，可能抑制进一步的能量摄入，直到饥饿感再次出现）是控制食欲和能量摄入的重要因素，并且有证据表明，老年人饱腹感和饱足感的某些方面会发生改变。受影响的因素包括可能影响饱腹感的胃排空，以及可能影响饱足感的肠道激素水平。在老年受试者中，感官特异性饱腹感似乎也有所降低。这在衰老性厌食中可能很重要，并且可以采用饮食策略来降低饱足感并鼓励增加能量摄入。然而，许多其他因素可能会影响衰老性厌食，了解这些因素对于帮助那些有营养不良风险的人很重要。
