Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical College, The Netherlands.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010 Jan;51(1):623-30. doi: 10.1167/iovs.09-4072. Epub 2009 Aug 20.
To study three-dimensional optokinetic eye movements of wild-type C57BL/6J mice, the most commonly used mouse in oculomotor physiology. Optokinetic eye movements are reflexive eye movements that use visual feedback to minimize image motion across the retina. These gaze-stabilizing reflexes are a prominent model system for studying motor control and learning. They are three dimensional and consist of a horizontal, vertical, and torsional component.
Eye movements were evoked by sinusoidally rotating a virtual sphere of equally spaced dots at six frequencies (0.1-1 Hz), with a fixed amplitude of 5 degrees . Markers were applied to the mouse eye and video oculography was used to record its movements in three dimensions. In addition, marker tracking was compared with conventional pupil tracking of horizontal optokinetic eye movements.
Gains recorded with marker and pupil tracking are not significantly different. Optokinetic eye movements in mice are equally well developed in all directions and have a uniform input-output relation for all stimuli, including stimuli that evoke purely torsional eye movements, with gains close to unity and minimal phase differences.
Optokinetic eye movements of C57Bl6 mice largely compensate for image motion over the retina, regardless of stimulus orientation. All responses are frequency-velocity dependent: gains decrease and phase lags increase with increasing stimulus frequency. Mice show strong torsional responses, with high gains at low stimulus frequency.
研究最常用于眼球运动生理学的野生型 C57BL/6J 小鼠的三维视动眼运动。视动眼运动是一种反射性眼球运动，利用视觉反馈使视网膜上的图像运动最小化。这些凝视稳定反射是研究运动控制和学习的突出模型系统。它们是三维的，由水平、垂直和扭转分量组成。
通过以六个频率（0.1-1 Hz）正弦旋转具有固定幅度为 5 度的等距点的虚拟球体来诱发眼球运动。将标记物应用于鼠标眼睛，并使用视频眼动记录其在三个维度上的运动。此外，还比较了标记跟踪与水平视动眼运动的传统瞳孔跟踪。
用标记和瞳孔跟踪记录的增益没有显著差异。在所有方向上，小鼠的视动眼运动同样发达，对于所有刺激都具有统一的输入-输出关系，包括仅引起扭转眼球运动的刺激，增益接近 unity，相位差最小。
无论刺激方向如何，C57Bl6 小鼠的视动眼运动在很大程度上补偿了视网膜上的图像运动。所有反应都与频率-速度有关：增益随刺激频率的增加而降低，相位滞后增加。小鼠表现出强烈的扭转反应，在低刺激频率下具有高增益。
