Almaguer-Chávez J, Ocampo-Candiani J, Rendón A
Departamento de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González, UANL, Monterrey, México.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2009 Sep;100(7):562-70.
Pulmonary and cutaneous tuberculosis are caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. According to data from the World Health Organization, there are around 8 million new cases per year.The incidence of cutaneous tuberculosis has risen in parallel with that of pulmonary tuberculosis, and coinfection by M tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus is considered to be one of the main causes. Current diagnostic methods for pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis are far from perfect, leading to a delay in starting appropriate therapy.We present a review of these diagnostic methods and of their use in the cutaneous forms. In conclusion,histopathologic findings and isolation of M tuberculosis in cultures of biopsy material or by polymerase chain reaction are the most useful diagnostic tools in cutaneous tuberculosis.
肺结核和皮肤结核由结核分枝杆菌引起。根据世界卫生组织的数据，每年约有800万新发病例。皮肤结核的发病率与肺结核的发病率同步上升，结核分枝杆菌与人类免疫缺陷病毒的合并感染被认为是主要原因之一。目前肺结核和肺外结核的诊断方法远非完美，导致开始适当治疗的延迟。我们对这些诊断方法及其在皮肤结核中的应用进行综述。总之，组织病理学发现以及在活检材料培养物中或通过聚合酶链反应分离结核分枝杆菌是皮肤结核中最有用的诊断工具。
