Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010 Jan;54(1):24-38. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01512-08. Epub 2009 Aug 31.
Class D beta-lactamase-mediated resistance to beta-lactams has been increasingly reported during the last decade. Those enzymes also known as oxacillinases or OXAs are widely distributed among Gram negatives. Genes encoding class D beta-lactamases are known to be intrinsic in many Gram-negative rods, including Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but play a minor role in natural resistance phenotypes. The OXAs (ca. 150 variants reported so far) are characterized by an important genetic diversity and a great heterogeneity in terms of beta-lactam hydrolysis spectrum. The acquired OXAs possess either a narrow spectrum or an expanded spectrum of hydrolysis, including carbapenems in several instances. Acquired class D beta-lactamase genes are mostly associated to class 1 integron or to insertion sequences.
在过去的十年中，越来越多的研究报告指出了 D 类β-内酰胺酶介导的对β-内酰胺类药物的耐药性。这些酶也被称为苯唑西林酶或 OXAs，广泛分布于革兰氏阴性菌中。编码 D 类β-内酰胺酶的基因已知存在于许多革兰氏阴性菌中，包括鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌，但在天然耐药表型中作用较小。OXAs（迄今为止已报道约 150 种变异体）具有重要的遗传多样性和β-内酰胺水解谱的巨大异质性。获得性 OXAs 具有较窄或较宽的水解谱，包括在某些情况下的碳青霉烯类药物。获得性 D 类β-内酰胺酶基因主要与 1 类整合子或插入序列相关。
