Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP 18618-000, Brasil.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009 Jul;104(4):636-43. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02762009000400018.
Medical mycology has greatly benefited from the introduction of molecular techniques. New knowledge on molecular genetics has provided both theoretical and practical frameworks, permitting important advances in our understanding of several aspects of pathogenic fungi. Considering Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in particular, important eco-epidemiological aspects, such as environmental distribution and new hosts were clarified through molecular approaches. These methodologies also contributed to a better understanding about the genetic variability of this pathogen; thus, P. brasiliensis is now assumed to represent a species complex. The present review focuses on some recent findings about the current taxonomic status of P. brasiliensis, its phylogenetic and speciation processes, as well as on some practical applications for the molecular detection of this pathogen in environmental and clinical materials.
医学真菌学从分子技术的引入中受益匪浅。分子遗传学的新知识提供了理论和实践框架，使我们对致病真菌的几个方面的理解取得了重要进展。特别是考虑到巴西副球孢子菌，分子方法澄清了重要的生态流行病学方面，如环境分布和新宿主。这些方法学也有助于更好地了解该病原体的遗传变异性；因此，巴西副球孢子菌现在被认为代表一个种复合体。本综述重点介绍了关于巴西副球孢子菌当前分类地位、系统发育和物种形成过程的一些最新发现，以及分子检测该病原体在环境和临床标本中的一些实际应用。
