成人水痘肺炎：文献复习 13 年经验。
Varicella pneumonia in adults: 13 years' experience with review of literature.
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh 11613, P.O Box 90068, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
Ann Thorac Med. 2007 Oct;2(4):163-5. doi: 10.4103/1817-1737.36551.
UNLABELLED
Pneumonia is a serious complication of varicella infection in adults. This study investigates the clinical characteristics in 19 patients admitted to our hospital with diagnosis of Varicella pneumonia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A retrospective chart review study was performed in adult patients admitted with diagnosis of Varicella pneumonia over 13 years (1992-2005). The study documented the clinical characteristics, laboratory investigations, hospital course, complications, treatment received and the outcomes.
RESULTS
Nineteen patients were identified with a mean age of 41 (+/-15.4). All were males except two. Eleven patients (58%) were smokers. Eleven patients (58%) had direct contact with persons with chickenpox infection. One patient had underlying chronic pulmonary disease (sarcoidosis). Sixteen patients (84%) were admitted to the intensive care unit due to respiratory failure; eight of them required mechanical ventilation. The mean duration of ICU stay was 4.4 days. All patients were treated with acyclovir and i.v. antibiotics. Three patients received i.v. steroid. There was one death.
CONCLUSION
Patients with Varicella pneumonia are at high risk for respiratory failure and the need for mechanical ventilation. However, early implementation of supportive therapy seems to positively influence the recovery rate and outcome.
未加标签
肺炎是成人水痘感染的严重并发症。本研究调查了 19 例我院确诊为水痘肺炎的住院患者的临床特征。
材料与方法
对 13 年来（1992-2005 年）因水痘肺炎住院的成年患者进行了回顾性图表审查研究。该研究记录了临床特征、实验室检查、住院过程、并发症、治疗方法和结果。
结果
19 例患者的平均年龄为 41（+/-15.4）岁。除 2 例外，均为男性。11 例（58%）为吸烟者。11 例（58%）有与水痘感染者的直接接触。1 例有潜在的慢性肺部疾病（结节病）。16 例（84%）因呼吸衰竭而住进重症监护病房；其中 8 例需要机械通气。入住 ICU 的平均时间为 4.4 天。所有患者均接受阿昔洛韦和静脉抗生素治疗。3 例患者接受静脉类固醇治疗。有 1 例死亡。
结论
水痘肺炎患者有发生呼吸衰竭和需要机械通气的高风险。然而，早期实施支持性治疗似乎对恢复率和结果有积极影响。
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